Change of Use
Use Class Orders
What Are Building Use Classes? Classes A, B, C and D
What is Change of Use?
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The Town and Country Planning Order 1987 puts uses of land and buildings into various categories known as 'Use Classes'.
To change the use within the same class (e.g. A1 to A1) does not represent ‘development’ and therefore does not require planning permission; changes between classes and orders will require Planning Permission with few exceptions.
Drawing and Planning have a successful history of helping many of our clients gain Change of Usage Planning Consent with their Local Council.
Call us Today on 0208 202 3665 to find out how we can help you gain Change of Usage Planning Permission.
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Use Class A Find out more about A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 Use Classes
Use Class A1 - Shops
A1 is use for all or any of the following purposes:
(a) for the retail sale of goods other than hot food,
(b) as a post office,
(c) for the sale of tickets or as a travel agency,
(d) for the sale of sandwiches or other cold food for consumption off the premises,
(e) for hairdressing,
(f) for the direction of funerals,
(g) for the display of goods for sale,
(h) for the hiring out of domestic or personal goods or articles,
(i) for the reception of goods to be washed, cleaned or repaired,
(j) where the sale, display or service is to visiting members of the public.
(k) as an internet café; where the primary purpose of the premises is to provide facilities for enabling members of the public to access the internet
Use Class A2 - Financial And Professional Services
A2 is use for the provision of:
(a) financial services, or
(b) professional services (other than health or medical services), or
(c) any other services (including use as a betting office) which it is appropriate to provide in a shopping area, where the services are provided principally to visiting members of the public.
A2 Financial and Professional Services ►
Use Class A3 - Restaurants and Cafes
A3 is use for the sale of food or drink for consumption on the premises or of hot food for consumption off the premises.
Use Class A4 - Drinking Establishments
A4 is use as a public house, wine-bar or other drinking establishment
Use Class A5 - Hot food takeaways
A5 is use for the sale of hot food for consumption off the premises.
Use Class B Find out more about B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, and B8 Use
Use Class B1 Business
B1 building use is use for all or any of the following purposes:
(a) as an office other than a use within class A2 (financial and professional services),
(b) for research and development of products or processes, or
(c) for any industrial process, being a use which can be carried out in any residential area without detriment to the amenity of that area by reason of noise, vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot, ash, dust or grit.
Use Class B2 General Industrial
B2 building use is for the carrying on of an industrial process other than one falling within class B1 above or within classes B3 to B7 below.
Use Class B3 Special Industrial Group A
A B3 building use is for any work registrable under the Alkali, etc. Works Regulation Act 1906[5] and which is not included in any of classes B4 to B7 below.
B3 Special Industrial Group A ►
Use Class B4 Special Industrial Group B
B4 building use is for any of the following processes, except where the process is ancillary to the getting, dressing or treatment of minerals and is carried on in or adjacent to a quarry or mine:
(a) smelting, calcining, sintering or reducing ores, minerals, concentrates or mattes
(b) converting, refining, re-heating, annealing, hardening, melting, carburising, forging or casting metals or alloys other than pressure die-casting
(c) recovering metal from scrap or drosses or ashes
(d) galvanizing
(e) pickling or treating metal in acid
(f) chromium plating
B4 Special Industrial Group B ►
Use Class B5 Special Industrial Group C
B5 building use is for any of the following processes, except where the process is ancillary to the getting, dressing or treatment of minerals and is carried on in or adjacent to a quarry or mine
(a) burning bricks or pipes
(b) burning lime or dolomite
(c) producing zinc oxide, cement or alumina
(d) foaming, crushing, screening or heating minerals or slag
(e) processing pulverized fuel ash by heat (f) producing carbonate of lime or hydrated lime
(g) producing inorganic pigments by calcining, roasting or grinding
B5 Special Industrial Group C ►
Use Class B6 Special Industrial Group D
B6 building use is for any of the following processes:
(a) distilling, refining or blending oils (other than petroleum or petroleum products)
(b) producing or using cellulose or using other pressure sprayed metal finishes (other than in vehicle repair workshops in connection with minor repairs, or the application of plastic powder by the use of fluidised bed and electrostatic spray techniques)
(c) boiling linseed oil or running gum
(d) processes involving the use of hot pitch or bitumen (except the use of bitumen in the manufacture of roofing felt at temperatures not exceeding 220°C and also the manufacture of coated roadstone)
(e) stoving enamelled ware;
(f) producing aliphatic esters of the lower fatty acids, butyric acid, caramel, hexamine, iodoform, napthols, resin products (excluding plastic moulding or extrusion operations and producing plastic sheets, rods, tubes, filaments, fibres or optical components produced by casting, calendering, moulding, shaping or extrusion), salicylic acid or sulphonated organic compounds;
(g) producing rubber from scrap
(h) chemical processes in which chlorphenols or chlorcresols are used as intermediates
(i) manufacturing acetylene from calcium carbide
(j) manufacturing, recovering or using pyridine or picolines, any methyl or ethyl amine or acrylates
B6 Special Industrial Group D ►
Use Class B7 Special Industrial Group E
B7 building use is for carrying on any of the following industries, businesses or trades
(a) Boiling blood, chitterlings, nettlings or soap
(b) Boiling, burning, grinding or steaming bones
(c) Boiling or cleaning tripe
(d) Breeding maggots from putrescible animal matter
(e) Cleaning, adapting or treating animal hair
(f) Curing fish
(g) Dealing in rags and bones (including receiving, storing, sorting or manipulating rags in, or likely to become in, an offensive condition, or any bones, rabbit skins, fat or putrescible animal products of a similar nature)
(h) Dressing or scraping fish skins
(i) Drying skins
(j) Making manure from bones, fish, offal, blood, spent hops, beans or other putrescible animal or vegetable matter
(k) Making or scraping guts
(l) Manufacturing animal charcoal, blood albumen, candles, catgut, glue, fish oil, size or feeding stuff for animals or poultry from meat, fish, blood, bone, feathers, fat or animal offal either in an offensive condition or subjected to any process causing noxious or injurious effluvia
(m) Melting, refining or extracting fat or tallow
(n) Preparing skins for working
B7 Special Industrial Group E ►
Use Class B8 Distribution or Storage
B8 building use is for storage or as a distribution centre.
Use Class C Find out more about C1, C2, C3, and C4 Use Classes
Use Class C1 Hotels and Hostels
C1 is use as a hotel, boarding or guest house or as a hostel where, in each case, no significant element of care is provided.
Use Class C2 Residential Institutions
C2 is use as Provision of residential accommodation and care to people in need of care (other than a use within class C3 (dwelling houses)).
A hospital or nursing home.
A residential school, college or training centre
Use Class C3 Dwellings, Houses, Flats, Apartments
C3 is use as a dwelling house (whether or not as a sole or main residence)
(a) by a single person or by people living together as a family, or
(b) by not more than 6 residents living together as a single household (including a household where care is provided for residents).
C3 Dwellings, Houses, Flats, Apartments ► >>
Use Class C4 Houses in Multiple Occupation
Small shared dwelling houses occupied by between three and six unrelated individuals, as their only or main residence, who share basic amenities such as a kitchen or bathroom.
Use Class D Find out more about D1 and D2 Use Classes
Use Class D1 Non Residential Institutions
D1 is any use not including a residential use:
(a) for the provision of any medical or health services except the use of premises attached to the residence of the consultant or practioner
(b) as a crêche, day nursery or day centre
(c) for the provision of education
(d) for the display of works of art (otherwise than for sale or hire)
(e) as a museum
(f) as a public library or public reading room
(g) as a public hall or exhibition hall
(h) for, or in connection with, public worship or religious instruction
D1 Non Residential Institutions ► >>
Use Class D2 Assembly and Leisure
D2 is use as
(a) a cinema,
(b) a concert hall,
(c) a bingo hall or casino,
(d) a dance hall,
(e) a swimming bath, skating rink, gymnasium or area for other indoor or outdoor sports or recreations, not involving motorised vehicles or firearms.
Use Class Sui Generis Find out more about Sui Generis Use Class
Sui Generis
(Use Class Sui Generis)
Sui Generis is use that does Not Fall Into Any Use Class Category
Such uses include: theatres, houses in multiple occupation, hostels providing no significant element of care, scrap yards. Petrol filling stations and shops selling and/or displaying motor vehicles. Retail warehouse clubs, nightclubs, launderettes, taxi businesses, amusement centres and casinos.